📄 Category

cardiovascular medicine

95 papers

Cardiovascular medicine focuses on the heart and blood vessels, exploring how to prevent, diagnose, and treat conditions that affect our circulation. This vital field ranges from understanding high blood pressure and heart failure to investigating the latest breakthroughs in surgical techniques and lifestyle interventions. Because these discoveries directly impact public health, staying informed about emerging research is more important than ever for both specialists and curious readers.

At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category as it appears on medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to the latest findings before they undergo formal peer review. For each study, we provide both a plain-language explanation to clarify the core concepts and a detailed technical summary for those seeking deeper scientific context. Below are the latest papers in cardiovascular medicine, organized to help you navigate the most recent developments shaping the future of heart health.

📄 cardiovascular medicine

Rare-Class Collapse in ECG-Based Ventricular Tachycardia and Fibrillation Detection: A Systematic Benchmark of Class-Imbalance Mitigation from Reweighting to Cascade Classification

This study demonstrates that a two-stage cascade classification approach significantly outperforms standard reweighting and cost-sensitive methods in detecting lethal ventricular arrhythmias from imbalanced ECG data, achieving a 37% reduction in missed lethal events while highlighting the critical need for specialized metrics like missed-lethal-event rate to avoid the "rare-class collapse" phenomenon.

Tiruwa, K. R.2026-06-29
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Screening for Probable Undiagnosed Hypertension in US Adults Using Interpretable Machine Learning: An NHANES 2017-2018 Study

This study utilized interpretable machine learning models trained on eight non-invasive variables from NHANES 2017-2018 data to demonstrate the feasibility, albeit with modest accuracy, of screening for probable undiagnosed hypertension in US adults without requiring laboratory investigations.

Thakur, M., Aacharya, S., Tiwari, P., Sah, R., Yadav, P., Yadav, D., Thakur, B.2026-06-25
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Plasma proteomics reveals clinical and mechanistic heterogeneity among individuals who develop coronary artery disease

This study leverages plasma proteomics in a large UK Biobank cohort to map individuals who develop coronary artery disease onto continuous metabolic gradients, revealing distinct biological mechanisms and significantly improving the prediction of CAD and related comorbidities beyond traditional clinical risk scores.

Yang, Y., Tan, D., Carrasco-Zanini, J., Su, C.-Y., Zhou, S., Koyama, S., Natarajan, P., langenberg, C., Lu, T., Yoshiji (…)2026-06-18
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Prevalence and Correlates of Ideal Cardiovascular Health among Ugandan Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

This cross-sectional study of 1,316 Ugandan adolescents reveals that while 66.8% maintain ideal cardiovascular health, prevalence is significantly lower among females, older adolescents, and those in urban areas, highlighting the need for early, targeted interventions to address these disparities.

Mugenyi, L., Ouma, S., Namakoola, I., Namara, A., Kintu, I. S., Namugera, F. X., Nalubega, S., Nanozi, S., Tumuhairwe, F (…)2026-06-16
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models vs. Traditional Clinical Calculators for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction

This study demonstrates that a calibrated Gradient Boosting machine learning model, developed using NHANES data and integrated into the "CardioPrediQ" platform, achieves superior composite performance and statistical equivalence to top traditional calculators for predicting cardiovascular mortality, offering a scalable solution particularly beneficial for diverse populations where standard risk tools may lack accuracy.

Arango Plaza, N., Salcedo Echeverry, G. E., Arenas-Soto, A. F.2026-06-15
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Healthcare professionals' perspectives on a multilevel cardiovascular risk management intervention (PROSPERA programme)

This study identifies barriers and facilitators among healthcare professionals regarding the implementation of the PROSPERA multilevel cardiovascular risk management programme, highlighting the need for targeted education, training, and environmental restructuring to support its adoption in primary care.

Bongaerts, V. A. M. C., van Gestel, L. C., van Peet, P. G., Vuijk, M.-L. S., Hageman, S. H. J., Dorresteijn, J. A. N., B (…)2026-06-09
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Soft Tissue-to-Bone Ratio on Routine Bone Scintigraphy as an Opportunistic Imaging Biomarker of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Burden

This study demonstrates that the soft tissue-to-bone ratio (STBR) derived from routine 99mTc-DPD bone scintigraphy serves as a cost-free, independent prognostic biomarker that effectively captures cumulative cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic burden and predicts increased risks of mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, and heart failure hospitalization.

Spielvogel, C. P., Kluge, K., Ning, J., Kumpf, K., Nitsche, C., Hengstenberg, C., Slomka, P. J., Hacker, M.2026-06-09✓ Author reviewed ⓘ
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Structural Cardiac Abnormalities, Ventricular Dysfunction Phenotypes, and Heart Failure Risk among Antiretroviral Therapy-treated People Living with HIV in South Africa

In a peri-urban South African community, antiretroviral-treated people living with HIV, particularly women, exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of structural cardiac abnormalities and diastolic dysfunction leading to undiagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction compared to HIV-negative controls.

Omar, Z., PHIZA Study Team,, Ahmed, A. A., Wolfson, J., Huang, Z., Mgidlana, M., Black, A., Abd El Hadi, M., Aremu, O. O (…)2026-06-08
📄 cardiovascular medicine

A Common CD36 Variant and the Genetic Landscape of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Individuals of African Ancestry

This multicohort study reveals that a common, ancestry-specific CD36 nonsense variant contributes more significantly to the burden of dilated cardiomyopathy in individuals of African ancestry than established genetic causes, including TTN truncating variants, thereby reshaping the understanding of the disease's genetic architecture in this population.

Challa, S., Biddinger, K., Abramowitz, S., Zheng, A., Mead, J. O., Judy, R. L., Jurgens, S., Gaziano, L., Wang, X., Choi (…)2026-05-27
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Wavelet Decomposition-Based Genomic Analysis of the Human Electrocardiogram

This study utilizes wavelet decomposition to analyze UK Biobank ECGs, revealing that high-frequency signals typically filtered as noise contain significant heritable genetic information linked to cardiac conduction, myocardial integrity, and heart failure risk, thereby expanding the known genetic architecture of cardiovascular disease.

Zainana, S., Lauer, L. P., Kiiskinen, T., Tibshirani, R. j., Hastie, T., Ashley, E., O'Sullivan, J. W., Rivas, M. A.2026-05-24